Bucket-cutting machine.



J. RIDDELL BUCKET CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 30, 1905.

Patented Oct. 17,1911.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Inventor John Ryddell J. RIDDELL. BUCKET CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 30, 1905.

1,006,280. Patented Oct. 17, 191 1.

7 SHEETSSH EET 2.

FlgZ m2 O a l/ 0 'o 42 I 20 o a 44 l "40 g3 i 39 Q o OD 34- 50 e e L 58 W-i nesses; Inventor:

J. RIDDELL.

BUCKET CUTTING MACHINE. APPLIOATIVON FILED 531 1:. 30, 1905.

1 ,006,280, Patented Oct. 17,1911.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

2 03 56 2?- filff 1 -70 H2 77 m3 7 1/5 74 wltnesses: -|nventor:

John R'Kidell,

J. RIDDELL.

BUCKETOUTTING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED BEPT.30,1905.

Patented 0ct.17,1911.

6 '7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

Inventor John Riddell,

Attfy J. RIDDELL.

BUCKET CUTTING MACHINE. APPLICATION rILnn SEPT. 30 1905.

. H7 23 I23 mums-sums. 20 1/8 70 Witnesses. I lnvent or:

John R'lddel l,

Patented Oct. 17, 1911.

J. RIDDELL;

I BUCKET CUTTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 30, 1905.

Patented Oct. 17,1911.

E, ww @Q $1 s Witnesses.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN RIDDELL, F SOHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL, ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW'YOBK.

BUCKET-CUTTING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 30, 1905. Serial No. 280,834.

1 To all whom it mag concern:

= a have parallel walls, as a rule, and are sub Be it known that I, JOHN RIDDELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bucket- Cutting Machines, of which the following is a specification. V r

This invention relates to machines for making buckets for elastic-fluid turbines, and especially to that class of machines which cut curved slots across the periphery stantially U-shaped with divergent ends.

The object of my invention is to provide a machine which will out these turbine buckets rapidly and accurately, and 'ive them any curvature desired with only a .few changes or adjustments of the working parts.

The machine is to some extent an improve ment upon the one disclosed inmy pending application, Serial Number 163,320. Asin that machine, the cutting tool is carried by a frame or cutter-bar which reciprocates vertically and rocks or swings laterally, its path of resultant movement being deter mined by a stationary guide-arm. As inthe former machine, means are provided for turning the tool to keep its cutting edge normal to the surface of the bucket. As in the former machine also, the tool oscillates back and forth in a path-of the desired curvature,

cutting on the forward stroke and being slightly withdrawn by pneumatic devices on the back stroke, in order to avoid dragging the edge of the tool over the work.

The several features of novelty will be hereinafter set forth and. particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective front view of a machine embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective end view of the same; Fig. 3 1s a longitudinal section of the working parts; Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of the machine; Fig. 5 is an elevation of the reciprocating and swinging cutter-bar and its ide-cam; Fig. 6 is an elevation of the roc ting sector gear and pinion; Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of the tool-carrier; Fig. 8 is a front elevation of the tool-turning mechanism; Fig. 9 is an end elevation of the same; Figs. 10 and 11 are end elevations thereof at opposite extreme positions; Figs. 12 and 13 show two forms of bucket which can be cut by this machine; Fig. 14 shows the guide-cam for cutting the bucket shown in Fig. 13; Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the cutting tool;

Fig. 16 shows one of the wearing-rings; Fig.

17 is a cross-section of the air-valve; Fig.

18 is a perspective view of the work-holder;

Fig. 19 shows some of the gearing; Fig. 20 is a longitudinal section of a tool carrier,

Patented Oct. 17, 191i.

showing a split tool and a split piston with the clamping bolts angularly shifted to bring them into view; F ig. 21 is a perspective View of said piston; Fig. 22 is a cross: section on the line 22-22,"Fig. 20; Fig. 23

is an end View of a modification; and Figs. 4

24 to 31, inclusive, show another modification having tools which are advanced and retracted alternately. I

In order to obtain a clear understanding of the re uirements of a bucket-cutting machine, re erence should be made first to Fig. 12 which .is an edge view of a portion of a bucket wheel or segment thereof and shows an end view of one bucket. The curved face 1 is concentric with the center 2, while the face 3, from a to b is concentric with the center 4, the end portions 5 being tan: gents intersecting the face 1 at the sides of the wheel. The curved face 1" of the next bucket is concentric with the face 3, the space between them being the groove or slot cut by the tool 6. The cutting edge 7 of the tool, which is shown in perspective in Fig. 15, is a straight line which coincides with a radius from the center 4:, and extends from the face 3 to the face 1'. Devices hereinafter described maintain this position of the tool relatively to the work atall points in its path. Between the points a b the path of the tool is circular concentric with the center 4. Beyond the points a 7), its path is one of increased.- radius, being substantially a straight line. The machine must therefore provide for three movements; that is, it

.must feed the work up to the tool between successive cuts; it must carry the tool back and forth along a path of the proper curvature, and it must turn the tool in its carrier to keep its edge normal to the curve of the bucket.

Referring now to Figs. 1 to 6, the frame of the machine will be observed to comprise a horizontal bed 8 supported at one end by the leg 9 and at the other by a box-like pedestal, comprising a base 10, a body 10', and a to bracket 10. On the bed is a longitudina l -movable saddle 11 on which are mounted two adjustable sliding heads, one of which 12, has a stout horizontal pivotstud 13, on which is pivoted the work-holder 14. In the edge of the Work-holder, which is either a wheel or a segment, as may be required, are a number of equi-distant notches with which an index finger 15 can engage, said finger being mounted on the indexhead 16. A lever 17 enables the finger to be withdrawn when the work-holder is to be shifted to bring a fresh portion of the work in line with the. bucket-cutting tool. The distance between the two heads can be varied to suit the diameter of the bucketwheel. 'Mounted on the head 16 is a clamp 150 adapted to engage the Work-holder and hold the .same against movement when the cutting operation is taking place. The clamp is actuated by an eccentric on the spindle 151 and the latter is turned by an arm 152 and a rod 153 having a suitable handle thereon. The rod is-guided by the head 12. The rod is moved to the right to release the clamp and work-holder and to the left to secure them. The cutter-bar is mounted on the pedestal 10, and the saddle 11 can be fed up to it by a feed screw 18, Fig. 4, meshing with a nut 19 on the saddle and driven by a gear 20 and a pinion 21. The short shaft 22 carrying said pinion is provided with a ratchet-wheel 23, engaged at regular intervals. by a pawl 24, so that the work is fed intermittingly. The means for actuating the pawl forms a part of the mechanism now about to be described.

The machine is preferably driven by an electric motor'25 geared by pinion 26, Fig. 19, and gear 27 to a shaft on which is a loose spur-gear 28 which can be clutched to the shaft by a clutch 29 operated by :acrankhandle 30, Fig. 1. A train of gears 31 communicates motion to a shaft 32, Fig.3, to which is secured a disk 33 provided with a diametrical slot in which slides a block carrying a crank-pin 34. The block can be adjusted in the slot by means of a screw 35 in order to vary the throw of the crank-pin.

A sector-gear 36 is pivoted on trunnions 37 at its lower end and has a longitudinal slot in which plays a sliding block 38 in which the crank-pin 34 is journaled. The slot is of sufficient length to allow the crank to revolve freely, and by its movement to impart to the sector-gear a rocking motion. A sector-pinion 39 meshes with the sector-gear and gives motion to a rock-shaft 40, Fig. 2, on which it is secured. At a suitable point on said shaft is a rock-arm 41 which is connected by a link 42 with a lever 43 loosely mounted on the shaft 22 adjacent'to the ratchet-wheel 23 and carrying the pawl 24. A hood or shield 44 partially covers the ratchet-wheel 23. It is provided with a hub 45 sleeved on the shaft 22 and carrying a worm-gear 46. A worm 47 meshes with said gear and is mounted on a shaft passing through the pedestal and having a handle 48, Fig. 1, moving over an index plate 49. By turning said handle the hood is caused to coveror uncover certain teeth of the ratchet wheel, thus permitting the pawl, whose stroke is of a constant length, to engage with said wheel at different points in itsstroke and therebyvary the feed of the work. During the idle portion of its stroke, the pawl slips over the outer surface of the hood. Itwill thus be evident that the rocking of the rock-shaft 40 is transmitted through the link to the lever and pawl, and thereby the ratchet-wheel, the shaft 22 and the feedscrew 18 are intermittingly actuated tofeed the work toward the tool during the return 53, is driven in the opposite direction by an intermediate pinion 54 meshing with it and with the gear 27. A clutch operated by the handle 55, Fig. 1, serves to connect either one of the gears 52, 53 with the shaft 50 when desired. When the work-feed is operating, the clutch is thrown off, so that the shaft 50 runs idle. But by clutching one of said gears, the shafts 50 and 22 will be driven rapidly, and the saddle 11 can be run backward or forward as may be desired, moving one way when the gear 52 is clutched and the other way when the gear 53 is clutched.

From the rock-shaft 40 is derived the movementof the tool-carrier, which consists essentially of an upright cutter-bar 56 mountedto slide vertically and laterally on that side of the pedestal facing the workholder. The cutter-bar is slotted vertically '57 adapted to slide in said slot and having a clamping plate 58 and bolts 59 by means of which it can be fastened atany point 30. to permit the position of the cam to be vaalong the slot. In the upper end of the pedestal is a vertical slot 60 in which slides a block 61 carrying a pivot-stud 62 which is journaled in the bearing-block 57. The lower end of the cutter-bar also has a vertical slot to receive a sliding-block 63 which is journaled on a wrist-pin 64 carried on the end of the rock-shaft 4:0. The oscillation of this shaft will thus swing the cutter-bar from side to side, pivoting on the stud 62. In order to give the cutter-bar a reciproeating movement it has a pin 65 project-in laterally from its lower end and provide with an anti-friction roller which engages a curved slot formed by an arch-bar 66 and a cam 67, both secured to a semi-circular swivel plate 68 resting in a semi-circular seat 69, concentric with the middle of the cam. The curved slot or guide-cam is highest at its middle, so that as the cutter-bar is swung from one side to the other its roller rides up over the cam and down again on the other side imparting a vertical reciprocation to the cutter-bar simultaneously with its swinging movement. The swivel plate 68 is angularly adjustable in its seat ried in order to vary the shape of the bucket, as fully explained in my pending application aforesaid.

At about the middle of the cutter-bar 56 is a projecting boss 7 0, preferably circular in cross-section. The cutter-bar 1S somewhat thicker-at this point and is faced off, both front and back, to slide smoothly between the adjacent surface of the pedestal and and annular guide-plate 71 which is bolted to the pedestal. The opening in this plate and in the pedestal is large enough to permit the boss to have the most ample range of movement of which the machine is capable. The guide-plate prevents the cutterbar from twisting out of its proper plane, and relieves the stud 62 and the wrist-pin 64 from all bending strains due to any tendency of. the cutter-bar to twist under the stress of cut-ting.

The tool 6 is mounted in the boss 70 in perpendicular or substantially perpendicular relation to the plane of movement of the rocking and reciprocating cutter-bar or frame. It has a fiat shank which is inserted into a socket in a cylindrical holder 72, Fig. 7, which is held in thetapering and preferably split. head of a collet 73 whose tapering sides fit in a tapered recess in the end of a spindle 74. A key 75 engages with the holder, collet and spindle to prevent relative rotation of these parts. The shank of the collet extends centrally through the spindle, its other end being screw-threaded to receive a nut 76 which abuts against the spindle and serves to drawthe collet into the tapering socket and compress its jaws upon the tool-holder. The spindle is cylindrical and is mounted in a cylindrical bearing bored out in the boss 70 and in a cylin I through the holes 80. T e bushings themselves are split to provide for taking up wear. The spindle is thus rotatably mounted in the swinging and reciprocating cutterbar, this capacity for rotation being afi'orded in order that the tool may be turned to keep its cutting edge normal to the curve of the bucket. The turning movement is effected as follows, Figs. 7 to 11 inclusive: A radial arm or lever 81 is secured to the rear end of the spindle wherev it projects beyond the cylinder 77. On this lever is a shoe 82 carrying a wrist-pin 83 which is journaled in the upper end of an eccentricrod 84 whose lower end forms half of an eccentric strap 85 encircling an eccentric 86 secured to the rock-shaft 40. On the eccentric-rod is a shoe 87 in which is journaled a wrist-pin 88 which is carried by a block 89 slidable lengthwise in an undercut groove in one arm 90 of a bell-crank lever secured on a rock-shaft 91 which is journaled in the pedestal body 10. By means of a wedge or gib 92 underlying said block 89 and a screw 93 engaging with said wedge, the block can be securely locked at any point along the undercut groove in which it slides. The bellcrank lever has a second arm 94 connected by a link 95 with an arm 96 on the rockshaft 40, said arm being preferably integral with the arm 41 which actuates the work feeding mechanism and forming therewith a bell-crank lever. oscillation of the upper bellcrank lever 90, 94, causes the eccentric-rod 84 to be swayed from one sideto the other of the center line a d of the two rock shafts, and that this rocks the spindle 74 in its bearings. If the spindle-bearings were'stationary, it would be sufficient to simply pivot the rod at its lower end but since the spindle itself travels back and forth in an arched path corresponding with the curve of the bucket, as

It will be seen that the shown by the dotted line e in Fig. 10, and

since there is a tangential portion at each end of said curve, it becomes necessary to drawdown the rod lengthwise during the end portions of its stroke in lines parallel with the movement of the spindle and at the same speed, in order to check the angular motion of the spindle. The throw of the eccentric is calculated to accomplish this result, and it will be seen in Figs. 10 and 11 that the eccentric pulls the rod downward 5 at the times that the spindle is traveling downward along the tangential portions of its path.

From Fig. 9 it will be seen that the spindle, the two wrist-pins, and the eccentric all 10 pass the center line 0 d at the same instant.

The distance between the centers of the spindle and the wrist-pin on the eccentric-rod is quite small, so that the turningeifect at this point is quite rapid; the tool moving here along the central circular portion of its cut, a portion which is of small radius. The rapidity of angular movement is enhanced by the fact that the wrist-pin 88 is at this part of its travel nearest to the center of the eccentric and therefore urging the rod over by a short leverage. This effect can be -varied by adjusting the pin 88 along the groove in the lever arm, the rapidity of movement being increased the nearer said pin is to the center of the eccentric. Such.

an adjustment also tends to shift the shoe 82 farther out on the radial spindle-lever 81 at each end of the stroke, and asv this amounts virtually to lengthening the reciprocating movement of'th'e rod,v it follows :that the tangential portions of the bucket will be longer, which is just the result desired when the central circular curve is made smaller. It will be understood that these parts must all be carefully adjusted to correspond .with the particular cam used for guiding the swinging and reciprocating cutter-bar, so that the tool will be turned in exact accordance with the curve determined 40 by said cam. It will also be noticed that the T lower corner of the tool coincides with the v center of the spindle so that the tool turns on this as an .axis, and the cutting edge is kept truly radial at all times as it sweeps over the circular curve. It now remains to describe the means for retracting the tool during the back stroke to prevent it from dragging or being choked y chips. On referring to Fig. 7 it will be observed that the cylinder 77 is chambered --or eounterbored just back of the boss 70,

and that the spindle 74 has a collar or piston 97 fitting said counterbore. A split spring packing ring 98 surrounds a reduced portion of said piston, and at each end of said iston are packing-rings 99, adjacent to which are wearing-rings "100 of hardened steel, each having a series of internal grooves 101, Fig. 16. In the outer face of each ring is a radial groove 102 registering with an air-admission duct 103 formed in the body 7 of the cylinder and leading to ports 104 in the walls of a cylindrical valve-chest 105 formedin or secured to the cylinder 77. An

oscillating valve, preferably a hollow cylinder 106, having a supply port 107, two admission ports 108, and an exhaust cavity 109, controls the ports 104- and an exhaust port 110. A rocking stem 111 operates said valve being itself actuated by a lever 112 which is struck on opposite sides alternately by tappets 113 on the hub of the radial spindlelever 81. The tappets are angularly adjustable around said hub to permit an accurate timing of the parts. Packing-rings 114 surround the spindle adjacent to the wearingrings. The compressed air enters the valve chest through a supply port 115 and passes freely to the interior of the hollow valve, from which it is admitted alternately, by the oscillation of the valve, to the ducts 103. Passing under the wearing ring it forces the piston to the end of its stroke and thus moves the spindle lengthwise, either to force the tool up to the work and hold it in cutting position, or else to withdraw it for the return stroke; the actuation of the valve occurring at the end of each stroke of the tool. The longitudinal movement of the spindle is so slightnot much over one onehundredth of an inchthat no perceptible shock is occasioned. It will be understood that when one air-duct is open to the supply, the other is open to the exhaust, so that the reciprocation of the spindle is maintained so long as the valve operates.

The operation of the several mechanisms has been described above, but it is thought.

that a brief summary of the operation of the machine as a wholewill assist in a clear understanding of it. The disk, ring or segment in whose edge the buckets are to be cut is fastened to the work-holder 14, which is centered on the stud 13 on the head 12 and the latter is adjusted on the saddle 11 to the proper distance from the tool. The indexhead 16 is then adjusted so that its indexfinger 15 will engage the first notch in the work-holder. The motor is then started, and the cutter-bar 56 begins to swing and reciprocate, rising and falling as it passes back and forth over the cam 67. This causes the tool to pass across the edge of the work in a curved path corresponding with the curve of the bucket to be cut. By means of the bellcranks and the eccentric rod, the tool-spindle is rocked to and fro in its bearings to keep the cutting edge of the tool normal to the curve. As the peripheral speed of the sectorgear 36 is greater when the crank-pin 34: is at the lower end of the slot in said ear than when it is at the upper end thereo the cutting stroke of the tool is made to correspond with the slower movement of the gear, and the return or idle strokewith the faster movement thereof. At the beginning of each cutting stroke, a tappet 113 on the tool spindle oscillates the airvalve and compressed air is admitted behind the piston on the spindle to advance the tool slightly. At

the gearing connecting them with the feedscrew 18 acting on the saddle. \Vhen the bucket has been cut to the proper depth, the feed is reversed, the saddle runback, and the Work-holder shifted a notch to bring a fresh portion of the work in line with the tool.

Figs. 20 to 31 show three modifications in which provision is madefor two tools placed face to face, with means for advancing and retracting them alternately, so that one will cuton one stroke of the cutter-bar and the other will cut 011 the return stroke, thus doubling the rate of cutting without increasing the speed of the machine. In the con struction illustrated in Figs. 20, 21- and 22 the spindle 116 is rotatably mounted in bearings 78 in the boss 70 and cylinder 77, and projects beyond said cylinder to receive the hub of the radial lever 81, just as in the former construction. But the spindle does not reciprocate, being prevented from doing so by a collar 117 which fits between packing-rings 118 in an annular recess in the boss and the cylinder. The spindle is bored to receive two plungers, capable of independent longitudinal movement in parallel lines. If desired, they may be mounted in separate chambers as indicated in Fig. 23, but it is preferred to placethem side by side he single cylindrical bore, each plunger being a halfecylinder 119, as shown in Fig. 21. On each plunger is a piston-head 120 fitting a counterbored part of the spindle. Packing rings 121 are placed in the counterbore in front of and behind the piston; those in front being backed up by tapered glands 121"t0 make a tight joint; Air-ducts 122, 123 lead from the valve-chest 105 to points in front of and behind each piston, and the admission and exhaust of compressed air is governed by an oscillating valve 106, as in the other construction. It will be noticed that the duct 122 leads to the rear of one piston and the front of the other, while the duct 123 runs to the front of the first piston and the rear of the other. Itfollows that when air is admitted to duct 122 one piston is moved forward and, the other backward, and that the reverse takes place when airis admitted to duct 123. Each plunger is bored longitudinally to receive a tool collet 124, secured by a nut 125 at its'rear end and having a tapering head secured firmly'by' said nut in atapered recess in the front end of the plunger. The adjacent sides of said i heads are preferably in contact and are somewhat'fiattened, as shown in Fig. 21. In

plungers move in and out. The parts are so arranged that at the end of each stroke of the cutter-bar, the tool that has been. cutting is retracted and the other one advanced, so that on the return stroke this latter tool will cut. The feeding mechanism is of course slightly modified so as to provide for an actuation of the feed-screw at the end of each stroke of the cutter-bar. By thus obtaining a cut on each 'stroke, it is evident that the rate' of cutting will be double that of the machine using a single tool. Figs. 24 to 31 illustrate another construction for carrying out this idea, in which the semicylindrical tool-carrying plunger-s 128 do not have any pistons, but are provided in their adjacent fiat faces with diagonal grooves 129 which cross each other obliquely y The preferred construction of the cylinder and stutling-box is that shown in Figs. 24

and 26; The cylinder has an integral top,

and its open lower end is screwed into a fianged bottom 135 which has a counterbored neck screwing into ahole in the tubular spindle- A gland 136 in the counterbore confines the packing 137, and is itself held in place by a ,thin annular plate 138 resting on the bottom 135 and clamped by the lower end of the cylinder. The rod 133 carries a piston 139 provided with packingrings fitting the bore of the cylinder. Compressed-air is admitted above and below the piston through flexible hose 140 connecting with the valve-chest 105, which isthe same as the one shown in Figs. 7 and 17. The bracket 141, which is substituted for the cylinder'i'l' used in the other modifications,

is open on top to accommodate the cylinder- 134, and is cored out inside under the spindle to allow room for the projecting lower end of the blade. In operation, the cylinder oscillates with the spindle, and at each end of its movement the valve is actuated by a tappet 113, in order that the air may cause the piston to move from one end of the cylinder to the other. At each stroke of the faces of the diagonal ribs and grooves cause the plungers to reciprocate, one moving 1 n and-the other out of the splndle, and this piston and blade, the coeperating cam surchange takesplace after one of the tools has J completed its cut, so that it is withdrawn, and the other tool is advanced to make the cut on the return movement of the cutter- (bar; Fig. 25 shows the cylinder at one end of its path of movement. The tappet has struck the valve-lever 112 and shifted the valve so that the piston has moved to the upper end of the cylinder and has retracted the uppermost plunger and advanced the lowermost one.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the Plll'lClple of operation of my invention together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out byother means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,

1. In a bucket cutting machine, the combination of a pedestal, a cutter bar pivotally mounted thereon and guided to move in a given plane, a tool rotatably mounted in said bar, a power actuated rock-shaft having its axis perpendicular to said plane, mechanism connecting the rock-shaft andcutter bar for swinging the bar from side to side in said plane, a cam for moving the bar vertically in said plane as it swings, the cutting edge of the tool moving in a curved path which is the resultant of the action of the two movements, a device including a member mounted on said rock-shaft for turning the tool to maintain its cutting edge normal to the cut as it follows said path, a bed attached to the pedestal, a work-holder mounted on the bed, and means including a member carried by said rock-shaft for feeding the work-holder toward the cutter bar and tool.

2. In a bucket cutting machine, the combination of a pedestal, a driving shaft located in the lower part of the pedestal, a rock shaft mounted in the middle portion of the pedestal and geared to the driving shaft, a swinging and reciprocating cutter bar mounted and guided on the pedestal, a pivot about which the bar swings, a bed, a work holder mounted on the bed, and means for intermittently feeding the work holder in a line perpendicular to the plane in which the cutter bar moves.

3. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a cutter-bar movable in a given plane, of a cutting tool mounted on the bar in perpendicular relation to said plane and having its cutting edge parallel to the plane, a rock-shaft for swinging the cutter-bar in said plane, a cam for reciprocating the bar in the same plane, the tool m0v= ing in a curved path which is the resultant of the swinging and reciprocating movements and is different from the curve of the cam, a work holder, mechanism for feeding the holder toward the tool which is intermittently actuated by the rock-shaft, and a driving shaft connected to the rock-shaft.

the bar, means for actuating the rock-shaft,

a cam for reciprocating the bar as it swings, a tool-spindle mounted on the cutter-bar which is movable about its axis, a tool mounted on the spindle which is perpendicular to said plane, and connections between the spindle and the rock-shaft for turning the spindle to keep the cutting edge of the tool normal to the cut.

5. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a cutter-bar, of a rock-shaft for swinging the bar, means for reciprocating the bar as it swings, a rocking tool spindle mounted on the bar, and mechanism for rocking the spindle comprising an actuator on the shaft, a connection between the actuator and the spindle, and a bell-crank lever having one arm connected with said connection and the other arm connected with the rock shaft.

6. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a cutter-bar, of a rock-shaft for swinging the bar, means for reciprocating the bar as it swings, a tool spindle .mounted on the bar, and means for rocking the spindle about its axis comprising an arm on the shaft, a bell crank lever connected therewith, a pivot for the bell crank lever, an eccentric on the shaft, a connection between the eccentric and the spindle, and means actuated by the bell crank lever for varying the effect of the eccentric on the vspindle.

7. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a cutter-bar movable in a given plane, of means for imparting to the bar a combined swinging and reciprocating movement in said plane, a rocking tool spindle carried by thebar, a tool mounted on the v spindle which is substantially perpendicular to said plane and has its cutting edge parallel to the plane, means for rocking the spindle about its axis during said combined movement to maintain said edge normal to the cut, and a device cooperating with said means for arresting the rocking motion of the spindle before the cutter-bar and tool have reached the end ofthe stroke.

8. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a cutter-bar, of means for imparting to the bar a combined swinging and reciprocating movement, a rocking tool spindle carried by the bar, a lever on the spindle for rocking it, a swaying rod connected to the lever for actuating it, mecha nism for swaying the rod, means for moving the rod longitudinally during the end portions of the stroke of the cutter-bar, a work-holder, and means for feeding the work-holder and the tool-spindle relatively to each-other as the cuttingprogresses.

9. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a cutter-bar, of means for imparting to the bar a combined swinging and reciprocating movement, a rocking toolspindle carried by the bar, a lever on said 5 spindle for rocking it, a swinging rod connected to the level for actuating it, mechanism for swaying the rod, and an eccentric I for moving the rod longitudinally, a workholder, and means for feeding the workholder and the spindle relatively to each other as the cutting progresses.

10. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a cutter-bar, of a rock-shaft for imparting to it a transverse movement, means for reciprocating said bar, a rocking tool spindle carried by said bar and provided with a. lever, an eccentric on said rockshaft having an eccentric rod pivota-lly connected with said lever, and a lever connected with said rock-shaft and pivotally con- 'nected to the eccentric rod for swaying the latter.

11. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a rocking tool spindle, ofmeans for carrying it bodily ina path cor-' responding with the curve of the bucket, a lever on said spindle, a shoe sliding on said, lever, a rod pivoted to said shoe, means for actuating the rod, a shoe sliding on said rod,

0 a lever pivoted to said last-mentioned shoe,

and means for rocking said lever.

12. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a rocking tool spindle, of

means for carrying it bodily in a path cor responding with the curve of the bucket, a lever on said spindle tohold the tool normal to the cut, a shoe sliding on said lever, a rod pivoted to said shoe, an eccentric for actuating said rod, a shoe sliding on said rod, and 'a lever pivoted to said last-mentioned shoe.

13. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a rocking tool spindle, of means for carrying itin a path corresponding with the curve of the bucket, a lever on said spindle, a shoe'sliding on said lever, a

rod pivoted to said shoe, an eccentric for. actuating said rod, a shoe sliding on said rod, a bell-crank lever, a wrist-pin adjustable along one arm of said bell-crank lever V and journaled in said last-mentioned shoe, andmeans for actuating the bell crank lever.

14 In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with an' oscillating tool spindle, of a rock shaft, :1 belLcrank lever, means for carrying the spindle to and fro across the center line of the shaft and lever, in apath corresponding with the curve of the bucket, a lever on the spindle, a shoe sliding on said lever, an eccentric on the rock-shaft having an eccentric rod pivoted to said shoe, a -second shoe sliding on said rod and pivotally connected with said bell-crank lever, and actuating connections between said bellcrank and the rock-shaft;

ofmo'vement perpendicular to that of the trolling the admission and exhaust of fluidpressure for reciprocating said piston, and a lever on the valve-stem arranged to be actuated by the angular motion of the spindle. I

16. In a bucket cutting machine, the combination of a cutter bar having a single plane of movement perpendicular to that of the work, a means for positively swinging the bar to cause the tools to enter the work on one side and leave on the other, a means for reciprocating the bar as the tools pass through the work, a Work-holder, two cutting tools and holders mounted on thebar, and means for advancing and retracting the tools and holders alternately.

17. In a bucket cutting machine, the combination of a cutter bar having a single plane work, cutting tools mounted on the bar, a means for positively swinging the bar to cause the tools to enter the work on one side and leave on the other, a means for recipro-- eating the bar as the tools pass through the v :work, a work-holder, and means-actuated by V fluid pressure for alternately advancing and retracting the tools.

18. In a bucket cutting machine, the combination of a cutteribar havinga single plane of movement perpendicular to that of the i work, cutting tools, plungers carrying the tools which are-mounted on the bar, a means for positively swinging the bar to cause the tools to enter the work on one side and leave on the other, a means for reciprocating the bar .as, the tools pass through the work, a work-holder, and pneumatic means for reciprocating the-plungers alternately.

19. In a bucket cutt-ingmachine, the combination of a cutter bar having a single plane of movement perpendicular to that of the work, a means for positively swinging the bar to cause/the tools to enter the work on, one side and leave on the other, a 'means fornreciprocating the bar as the toolspass through the work, a Work-holder, a spindle mounted in the, bar for movement about an axis, two cutting tools carried by the spindle,

and means for advancing and retracting the tools alternately.

20. In a bucket cutting machine, the com- 7 bination of a cutter bar having-a singleplaneof movement perpendicular to that of the work, a means for positively swinging'the bar to cause the tools to enter the work on one ,side and leave on the other, a means for reciprocating the bar as the tools pass through the work, a work-holder, a spindle mounted in the bar, a meansforoscillating 1 0 the spindle to hold the tools normal to the out, two cutting tools mounted in the spindle,

and means actuated by fluid pressure for alternately advancing and retracting the tools.

21. In a bucketcut-t-ing machine, the combination of a cutter barhaving a single plane of movement perpendicular to that of the work, a means for swinging the bar to cause the tools to enter the work .on one side and leave on the other, a means for reciprocating the bar as the tools pass through the work, a work-holder, a spindle mounted in the bar, a means for oscillating the spindle to hold the tools normal to the cut, two plungers mounted side by side in the spindle, a cutting tool in each plunger, and a fluid pressure means for reciprocating the plungers alternately.

22. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a swinging and reciprocating cutter-bar, of a tubular spindle rotatable therein, two semi-cylindrical plungers fitting in said spindle, a valve controlling the flow of fluid-pressure ,to actuate said plungers, and cutting tools carried by said plungers and working face to face.

23. In ,a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a swinging and reciprocating cutter-bar; of a rotatable tubular spindle, two semi-cylindrical plungers reciprocating in said spindle mounted on the cutter bar, a blade passing transversely between said plungers, cooperating cam surfaces on said blade and plungers, and means for reciprocating said blade.

24. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a swinging and reciprocating cutter-bar, of a rotatabletubular spindle mounted on the cutter bar, two. semi-cylindrical plungers reciprocating in said spindle and having diagonal grooves in their meeting faces, a transverse blade having diagonal ribs engaging said grooves, and fluidpressure means for reciprocating said blade.

25. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a swinging and reciprocating cutter-bar, of a rotatable tubular spindle mounted on the cutter bar, two semi cylindrical plungers reciprocating in said spindle and having diagonal grooves in'their meeting faces, a transverse blade having diagonal ribs engaging said grooves, an air-cyl inder on said spindle, and a piston therein attached to said blade. Y

26. In a bucket-cutting machine, the combination with a swinging and reciprocating cutter-bar, of a bracket secured thereto and having a cut-away top, a tubular spindle 'journaled in said bar and bracket, semicylindrical tool-carrying plungers in said spindle, an air-cylinder and piston mounted on said spindle in the cut-away portion of said bracket, and operative connections beoscillating the gear about its pivot, a rock shaft mounted in the pedestal above said gear, a gear on the shaft which meshes with the first gear, a pivot on the upper portion.

of the pedestal, a cutter bar having an elongated bearing slot at its upper end which engages said pivot, a connection between the rock shaft and the lower portion of the bar for swinging it about said pivot, means for imparting a longitudinal reciprocating motion to the bar as it swings, guides on the pedestal for confining the movements of the bar to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rock shaft, a cutting tool carried by the bar, a work-holder, and means including'a member mounted on the rock shaft forfeeding the tool and holder relatively to each other as the cutting progresses in a direction perpendicular to said plane.

28. In a bucket cutting machine,-the combination of a work-holder, a pivoted cutter bar movable in a plane, a cutting tool carried by the bar and movable in said bar in a direction perpendicular to the plane, a rock-shaft for rocking the bar, a cam for reciprocating the bar as it rocks, the tool moving in a path which is the resultant of the two movements, means driven by the rockshaft for feeding the work-holder toward the tool as the cutting progresses in a direction at right angles to said plane, and means for moving the tool in the bar to cause it to advance and recede at different portions of the path.

29. In a bucket cutting machine, the combination of a work-holder a pivoted cutter.

bar movable in a given plane, a rock-shaft for swinging the bar about its pivot, meansi for rocking the shaft, a cam for reciprocating the bar as it swings, a tool spindle rotatably mounted in the bar, means driven by the rock-shaft for feeding the workholder toward the tool in a direction at right angles to said plane, means including an eccentric device actuated by the rock- JOHN RIDDELL.

Witnesses:

BENJAMIN B. HULL, MARGARET E. WOOLLEY. 

